Enhancement of Zakat Institutions through Zakat Management of Gharimin Asnaf: Case Study in Malaysia and Indonesia
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Malaysia and Indonesia are among the countries dominated by Muslim population, hence there is a need to fully utilise and enhance their zakat institutions. Apart from that, zakat institution plays an important role to assist the Muslim indebted groups that are categorized as gharimin asnaf. Gharimin asnaf needs to be given serious attention to since indebted cases are found to increase each year. Unfortunately, studies on gharimin groups in Malaysia and Indonesia are still far behind compared to studies on the fakir and miskin group of asnaf. The purpose of this study is to investigate the differences in terms of definition and criteria of gharimin asnaf between Malaysia and Indonesia. At the same time, this study intends to examine the differences of zakat distribution management to gharimin in both zakat institutions in Malaysia and Indonesia. A case study was conducted between two zakat institutions in both countries which are Lembaga Zakat Selangor (LZS) which represents Malaysia, and Badan Amil Zakat Nasional (BAZNAS) which represents Indonesia. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews with several key persons in both zakat institutions mentioned above. On top of that, this study also reviews secondary data such as annual reports and relevant documents extracted from both zakat institution office and official website. The result of the study shows that there is no difference between the definition of gharimin for both countries. However, there is slight dissimilarity on the criteria specified by both zakat institutions. An obvious comparison is that LZS specifies gharimin as one of the zakat recipients, whereas BAZNAS recognises gharimin as fakir and miskin group of zakat recipients. Other than that, both LZS and BAZNAS are found to exhibit their credibility in managing zakat distribution to gharimin with structured procedure. At the same time, this study also explores the practices in both zakat institutions and appropriate suggestions are made accordingly.
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